Skinbase

Beige, Lysosomal trafficing regulator (Lystbg), Chr. 13, 7.0 cM, Genome Coordinates: 12940095-13078389

Many people are confused when they see a beige mouse for the first time. Most consider beige to be a light brown color. To their surprise the mice are essentially black. This is because the original mutation occurred in as a radiation-induced mutation at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory on an agouti black background. The mutant mice had a cafe au lait or beige color. A remutation in this locus arose spontaneously at The Jackson Laboratory in the C57BL/6J inbred strain, which is black. As this mutation causes a coat color dilution, these mice were described as dark (charcoal) grey colored. This is the mutant most commonly used today.

Coat, skin, and eye color dilution is the phenotype most obvious with these mice. This is due to the reduced number, enlargement, and clumping of melanin granules. Other cell types are also affected that have granules. These include granulocytes, lymphocytes, hepatocytes, renal proximal tubules, central nervous system, exocrine and endocrine pancreas, ducts of various glands, thyroid follicles, type II pneumocytes, and mast cells.

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Lane PW, bg<2J> - beige-2J, Mouse News Lett 1962;26():35

Pierro LJ; Chase HB, Slate - a new coat color mutant in the mouse., J Hered 1963;54():47-51

Pierro LJ; Chase HB, Temporary hair loss associated with the slate mutation of coat colour in the mouse, Nature 1965;205():579-580

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Lutzner MA; Lowrie CT; Jordan HW, Giant granules in leukocytes of the beige mouse., J Hered 1967 Nov-Dec;58(6):299-300

Lane PW; Murphy ED, Susceptibility to spontaneous pneumonitis in an inbred strain of beige and satin mice., Genetics 1972 Nov;72(3):451-60

Oliver C; Essner E, Distribution of anomalous lysosomes in the beige mouse: a homologue of Chediak-Higashi syndrome., J Histochem Cytochem 1973 Mar;21(3):218-28

Hearing VJ; Phillips P; Lutzner MA, The fine structure of melanogenesis in coat color mutants of the mouse., J Ultrastruct Res 1973 Apr;43(1):88-106

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Oliver C; Essner E, Formation of anomalous lysosomes in monocytes, neutrophils, and eosinophils from bone marrow of mice with Chediak-Higashi syndrome., Lab Invest 1975 Jan;32(1):17-27

Brandt EJ; Elliott RW; Swank RT, Defective lysosomal enzyme secretion in kidneys of Chediak-Higashi (beige) mice., J Cell Biol 1975 Dec;67(3):774-88

Robison WG Jr; Kuwabara T, Light-induced alterations of retinal pigment epithelium in black, albino, and beige mice., Exp Eye Res 1976 May;22(5):549-57

Oliver JM, Impaired microtubule function correctable by cyclic GMP and cholinergic agonists in the Chediak-Higashi syndrome., Am J Pathol 1976 Nov;85(2):395-418

Chi EY; Ignacio E; Lagunoff D, Mast cell granule formation in the beige mouse., J Histochem Cytochem 1978 Feb;26(2):131-7

Murphy ED; Roths JB, Purkinje cell degeneration, a late effect of beige mutations in mice, Jackson Lab Ann Rep 1978;49():108-9

Swank RT; Brandt EJ, Turnover of kidney beta-glucuronidase in normal and Chediak-Higashi (beige) mice., Am J Pathol 1978 Sep;92(3):755-69

Roder JC, The beige mutation in the mouse. I. A stem cell predetermined impairment in natural killer cell function., J Immunol 1979 Nov;123(5):2168-73

Talmadge JE; Meyers KM; Prieur DJ; Starkey JR, Role of NK cells in tumour growth and metastasis in beige mice., Nature 1980 Apr 17;284(5757):622-4

Shellam GR; Allan JE; Papadimitriou JM; Bancroft GJ, Increased susceptibility to cytomegalovirus infection in beige mutant mice., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1981 Aug;78(8):5104-8

Lovell D; Festing M; Wood M, A new mutant at the beige locus in mice, Mouse News Lett 1981;64():49-50

Clark EA; Shultz LD; Pollack SB, Mutations in mice that influence natural killer (NK) cell activity., Immunogenetics 1981 Mar 1;12(5-6):601-13

Willingham MC; Spicer SS; Vincent RA Jr, The origin and fate of large dense bodies in beige mouse fibroblasts. Lysosomal fusion and exocytosis., Exp Cell Res 1981 Nov;136(1):157-68

Roths JB; Murphy ED, The beige mutation retards the progression of autoimmune disease., Jackson Lab Ann Rep 1982;53():65

Saxena RK; Saxena QB; Adler WH, Defective T-cell response in beige mutant mice., Nature 1982 Jan 21;295(5846):240-1

Orn A; Hakansson EM; Gidlund M; Ramstedt U; Axberg I; Wigzell H; Lundin LG, Pigment mutations in the mouse which also affect lysosomal functions lead to suppressed natural killer cell activity., Scand J Immunol 1982 Mar;15(3):305-10

Kirkpatrick CE; Farrell JP, Leishmaniasis in beige mice., Infect Immun 1982 Dec;38(3):1208-16

Novak EK; Hui SW; Swank RT, Platelet storage pool deficiency in mouse pigment mutations associated with seven distinct genetic loci., Blood 1984 Mar;63(3):536-44

Carlson GA; Marshall ST; Truesdale AT, Adaptive immune defects and delayed rejection of allogeneic tumor cells in beige mice., Cell Immunol 1984 Sep;87(2):348-56

Haliotis T; Ball JK; Dexter D; Roder JC, Spontaneous and induced primary oncogenesis in natural killer (NK)-cell-deficient beige mutant mice., Int J Cancer 1985 Apr 15;35(4):505-13

de Saint Basile G; Fischer A; Dautzenberg MD; Durandy A; Le Deist F; Angles-Cano E; Griscelli C, Enhanced plasminogen-activator production by leukocytes in the human and murine Chediak-Higashi syndrome., Blood 1985 May;65(5):1275-81

Novak EK; McGarry MP; Swank RT, Correction of symptoms of platelet storage pool deficiency in animal models for Chediak-Higashi syndrome and Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome., Blood 1985 Nov;66(5):1196-201

Takeuchi K; Wood H; Swank RT, Lysosomal elastase and cathepsin G in beige mice. Neutrophils of beige (Chediak-Higashi) mice selectively lack lysosomal elastase and cathepsin G., J Exp Med 1986 Mar 1;163(3):665-77

Pak MW; Giolli RA; Pinto LH; Mangini NJ; Gregory KM; Vanable JW Jr, Retinopretectal and accessory optic projections of normal mice and the OKN-defective mutant mice beige, beige-J, and pearl., J Comp Neurol 1987 Apr 15;258(3):435-46

Holcombe RF; Strauss W; Owen FL; Boxer LA; Warren RW; Conley ME; Ferrara J; Leavitt RY; Fauci AS; Taylor BA; Seidman JG, Relationship of the genes for Chediak-Higashi syndrome (beige) and the T-cell receptor gamma chain in mouse and man., Genomics 1987 Nov;1(3):287-91

Holcombe RF; Stephenson DA; Zweidler A; Stewart RM; Chapman VM; Seidman JG, Linkage of loci associated with two pigment mutations on mouse chromosome 13., Genet Res 1991 Aug;58(1):41-50

Guo H; Sekiguchi M; Shimai K, Cytoarchitectonic abnormalities in cerebellum and hippocampal formation of beige mutant mouse., Tokai J Exp Clin Med 1992 May;17(1):53-61

Hua C; Chang B; Ma B-L; Li Y; Wang G, Reduction of lymphokine-activated killer cell activity by the introduction of the beige gene into SCID mice, ILAR News 1992;34(1-2):S15-S16

Whitney PL; Starcher B; Brittain C, Soluble beta-galactoside specific lectin is developmentally regulated in lungs of neonatal black mice and beige mice., Exp Lung Res 1992 Jul-Aug;18(4):553-61

Gross SK; Lyerla TA; Williams MA; McCluer RH, The accumulation and metabolism of glycosphingolipids in primary kidney cell cultures from beige mice., Mol Cell Biochem 1992 Dec 2;118(1):61-6

Mosier DE; Stell KL; Gulizia RJ; Torbett BE; Gilmore GL, Homozygous scid/scid;beige/beige mice have low levels of spontaneous or neonatal T cell-induced B cell generation., J Exp Med 1993 Jan 1;177(1):191-4

Percy DH; Barta JR, Spontaneous and experimental infections in scid and scid/beige mice., Lab Anim Sci 1993 Apr;43(2):127-32

Perou CM; Kaplan J, Complementation analysis of Chediak-Higashi syndrome: the same gene may be responsible for the defect in all patients and species., Somat Cell Mol Genet 1993 Sep;19(5):459-68

Tanaka E; Yuba Y; Sato A; Kuze F, Effects of the beige mutation on respiratory tract infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in mice., Exp Lung Res 1994 Jul-Aug;20(4):351-66

Sundberg JP, The Beige (bg) Mutation, Chromosome 13, In: Handbook of Mouse Mutations with Skin and Hair Abnormalities: Animal Models and Biomedical Tools. Sundberg, JP (ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, pp 203-210, 1994

Jones-Carson J; Vazquez-Torres A; Balish E, Defective killing of Candida albicans hyphae by neutrophils from beige mice., J Infect Dis 1995 Jun;171(6):1664-7

Barthold SW; de Souza M, Exacerbation of Lyme arthritis in beige mice., J Infect Dis 1995 Sep;172(3):778-84

Appelberg R; Castro AG; Gomes S; Pedrosa J; Silva MT, Susceptibility of beige mice to Mycobacterium avium: role of neutrophils., Infect Immun 1995 Sep;63(9):3381-7

Barbosa MD; Nguyen QA; Tchernev VT; Ashley JA; Detter JC; Blaydes SM; Brandt SJ; Chotai D; Hodgman C; Solari RC; Lovett M; Kingsmore SF, Identification of the homologous beige and Chediak-Higashi syndrome genes., Nature 1996 Jul 18;382(6588):262-5

Perou CM; Moore KJ; Nagle DL; Misumi DJ; Woolf EA; McGrail SH; Holmgren L; Brody TH; Dussault BJ Jr; Monroe CA; Duyk GM; Pryor RJ; Li L; Justice MJ; Kaplan J, Identification of the murine beige gene by YAC complementation and positional cloning., Nat Genet 1996 Jul;13(3):303-8

Fukai K; Oh J; Karim MA; Moore KJ; Kandil HH; Ito H; Burger J; Spritz RA, Homozygosity mapping of the gene for Chediak-Higashi syndrome to chromosome 1q42-q44 in a segment of conserved synteny that includes the mouse beige locus (bg)., Am J Hum Genet 1996 Sep;59(3):620-4

Kingsmore SF; Barbosa MD; Nguyen QA; Ashley JA; Blaydes SM; Tchernev VT; Detter JC ; Lovett M, Physical mapping of the beige critical region on mouse chromosome 13., Mamm Genome 1996 Oct;7(10):773-5

Kingsmore SF; Barbosa MD; Tchernev VT; Detter JC; Lossie AC; Seldin MF; Holcombe RF, Positional cloning of the Chediak-Higashi syndrome gene: genetic mapping of the beige locus on mouse chromosome 13., J Investig Med 1996 Oct;44(8):454-61

Perou CM; Perchellet A; Jago T; Pryor R; Kaplan J; Justice MJ, Comparative mapping in the beige-satin region of mouse chromosome 13., Genomics 1997 Jan 15;39(2):136-46

Misumi DJ; Nagle DL; McGrail SH; Dussault BJ Jr; Smutko JS; Chen H; Charlat O; Duyk GM; Ebeling C; Baldini L; Carlson GA; Moore KJ, The physical and genetic map surrounding the Lyst gene on mouse chromosome 13., Genomics 1997 Feb 15;40(1):147-50

Jensen BL; Rasch R; Nyengaard JR; Skott O, Giant renin secretory granules in beige mouse renal afferent arterioles., Cell Tissue Res 1997 May;288(2):399-406

Barbosa MD; Barrat FJ; Tchernev VT; Nguyen QA; Mishra VS; Colman SD ; Pastural E ; Dufourcq-Lagelouse R ; Fischer A ; Holcombe RF ; Wallace MR ; Brandt SJ ; de Saint Basile G ; Kingsmore SF, Identification of mutations in two major mRNA isoforms of the Chediak-Higashi syndrome gene in human and mouse., Hum Mol Genet 1997 Jul;6(7):1091-8

Sundberg JP; Sundberg BA; Beamer WG, Comparison of chemical carcinogen skin tumor induction efficacy in inbred, mutant, and hybrid strains of mice: Morphologic variations of induced tumors and absence of a papillomavirus cocarcinogen., Mol Carcinog 1997 SEP;20(1):19-32

Davis SG; Lyerla TA, The effect of lysosomotropic amines on beige mouse cells., Exp Cell Res 1997 Nov 25;237(1):242-5

Perou CM; Leslie JD; Green W; Li L; Ward DM; Kaplan J, The Beige/Chediak-Higashi syndrome gene encodes a widely expressed cytosolic protein., J Biol Chem 1997 Nov 21;272(47):29790-4

Spritz RA, Genetic defects in Chediak-Higashi syndrome and the beige mouse., J Clin Immunol 1998 Mar;18(2):97-105

McGarry MP; Reddington M; Novak EK; Swank RT, Survival and lung pathology of mouse models of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome and Chediak-Higashi syndrome., Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1999 Mar;220(3):162-8

Peters LL; Gwynn B; Wilson LA; Schimenti J, A remutation at the beige (Lyst) locus arising in an ethylnitrosourea mutagenesis screen, MGI Direct Data Submission 2003;():